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Stability and Genotype by Environment Interaction of Yield, Grain Zinc and Iron Content in Zinc- Biofortified Rice Across Philippines’ Environment
Thesis Abstract:
Micronutrient deficiency is a severe health problem globally and in the Philippines, one- third of the population is facing nutritional deficiency particularly Zn. Rice genotypes biofortified with Zn and Fe will have a great impact on the health of the population suffering from micronutrient deficiency. However, breeding for Zn trait is a complex process and since it is a quantitative trait and so environmental factors significantly influence on Zn biofortification. Therefore, GEI is the main consideration of this breeding program and identifying stable genotypes across varying environments will help to determine the stable lines for the varietal development program.
In this study, forty-two Zn - biofortified rice genotypes along with checks varieties were evaluated in 8 environments across the Philippines during 2017 WS, 2018 WS and 2018 DS. Combined analysis of variance showed significant genotype, environment and GEI for all the traits evaluated. All stability methods used (FW, SH, WE, AMMI, ASV, GSI, and GGE) had positive correlation with each other except FW. Based on correlation and path analysis, a significant positive correlation was found in between grain Zn and Fe but the negative correlation between YLD and grain Zn.
Nueva Ecija, Negros Occidental and Isabela showed higher YLD and grain Zn content and desirable agronomic traits compared to other locations. G1 and G39 out-yielded other genotypes while G41 and G17 have the highest grain Zn content across seasons. These genotypes can be considered as the parental lines in breeding program. Stability analyses showed that G12 (IR16M1105) and G30 (IR 94041-9-3-3-4-B) were the most stable and best performing genotypes across all locations in terms of YLD and grain Zn content. Two promising lines: IR 16M 105 (G12) and IR 94041 -9-3-3-4-B (G30) with grain yield of 4520.12 kg/ha and 17.22 ppm grain Zn content and 4396.74 Kg/ha with 17.47 ppm of grain Zn content. These two lines performed better than the check varieties can be recommended for varietal released.
