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Rice Hull Powder as a Filler for Phenol Formaldehyde Glue in Plywood Manufacture
Thesis Abstract:
The study sought to find out the effects of rice hull filler on the glue mixture viscosity, glue bond quality and cutting tool dullness. Ash content of rice hull filler was also determined.
Six glue mixtures were tested on Mayapis, Shorea squamata Turez (Dyer) veneers having an average MC of 10 percent with a range of 9 to 11 percent to make 3-ply plywood panels. The mixtures contained 0.10.20.30, 40 and 50% rice hull powder filler, based on the weight of liquid phenol formaldehyde. Dry and boiling shear tests showed that when used up to 40% rice hull powder filler improved the quality of phenol formaldehyde glue in terms of bond strength and percentage of wood failure.
Plywood panels produced with mixtures of 30 and 40% rice hull powder filler and phenol formaldehyde glue met the requirements for Type I plywood.
Except for the one with 50% filler, all the mixtures had a pot life of more than two hours, which is acceptable in the plywood industry.
Results of the comparative study on the effect of rice full filler powder and coconut shell powder filler on the dullness of the cutting tool showed no significant difference in power consumption when cutting these two kings of plywood.
Ash contents of the 140- and 40-mesh fine rice hull powder were 21.7 and 19.8%, respectively. Because the 140-mesh fine powder had higher silica content and therefore lower water-holding capacity, it contained less moisture than the 40-mesh fine powder.