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Studies on growth Analysis of Soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr]
Abstract:
Field experiment were conducted under upland and lowland soil conditions to determine the growth performance of three soybean varieties.
Results showed that the biggest varietal type, CES-434, gave greater dry matter and seed yield than the smaller ones L-114 and Clark 63, under both field condition with the densest population 700,00 plts/ha). This was by the more favorable moisture conditions, which enhance vigorous plant development, than during the upland trial.
Net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and leaf area ratio (LAR) fluctuated throughout the growing periods, except at the early vegetatives stage. On the other hand more constant values were found for LAI, crop growth rate (CGR) and plant dry weight. However, Variations in NAR, LAR and RGR were mainly dependent on the demand of assimilates which were in turn dependent on environmental factors.
Covariance analysis at the flowering stage showed that higher yield potential for soybeans could be considered independently for plant density or varietal characters. The trend was for the greater varictal type and density to produce higher yield.
Growth parameters, CGR, LAI and dry weight, showed higher positive correlation with yield than parameters NAR, LAR and RGR hence the desirability of the former over the latter as yield indicators . The value of NAR was not significantly affected by the inclusion of root yield.
Profuse soybean root distribution was found within the 10-20 cm depth. The bigger varietal type had the greater average number of roots per plant, but root volume was not necessarily affected by the increased population densities. Shoot/root ratio was considerably affected by environmental factors during the growth periods.
Although made only during the flowering stage, the NCE determination supported well results of growth analysis techniques used in this study.