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Genotype environment interaction of yield components, yield, and aroma in aromatic new plant type (NPT) promising rice lines
Thesis Abstract:
Quality of rice grain is determined by physical appearance and chemical content of the grain. Generally, consumers prefer good quality rice grain. Therefore, rice breeding program should focus not only on quantity, but also on the quality of rice grains. The quality of rice grains in the market is identified by consumers from their aroma and taste. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the level of grain yield and aromatic character of rice grain of breeding lines; and to study the stability of yielding ability, aromatic character, and yield potential of new plant type (NPT) lines in response to different environmental conditions. The study was conducted from July 2009 to April 2010 at two planting seasons (2009 DS and 2009/2010 WS) in two locations—Bogor (200 masl) and Pusakanagara (8 masl). The design used was
randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The study tested 35 NPT aromatic lines and two varieties (Ciherang and Sintanur) as check varieties. The 21-day-old seedlings were planted one seed per hole at a spacing of 20 × 20 cm. The size of experiment plots planted to NPT lines was 2 × 5 m2 per line. Stability of all characters was analyzed using regression coefficient (bi), average value of yield, and AMMI. Aroma was analyzed using three methods, namely: leaf aroma with KOH, rice aroma test in the test tube, and cooked rice. Crop protection against pests and diseases was controlled optimally. Coefficient of genetic variation, heritability, and genetic advance were high for productive tillers, number of filled grains, and
total grain per panicle. There was a positive correlation between those characters and grain yields. There were lines yielded more than Ciherang, but mostly did not differ significantly (i.e., IPB 116-F 3-1, IPB 116-F 46-1, IPB 117-F 14-2, IPB 117-F 17-4, and MR-B11738-1-2-Si -1-2). Stability analysis of Finlay-Wilkinson and AMMI did not show the same results of lines stability. Four lines that were aromatic as identified by different methods were: IPB 140-F-6, B11249-9C-PN-3-3-2-2-MR-1, B11742- RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1, and B11955-MR-84-1-4. The lines with parents introduced from the high altitude of South Sulawesi did not show consistent aroma when tested using different aroma testing methods. All lines tested had good grain quality.
