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The Performance of Irrigation System on Rice Farming in the Irrigation Area of Gadungan-Lambuk, Tabanan Regency
Abstract:
The availability of irrigation water both in terms of quantity and quality is very important in the production process and serves as a determining factor in making rice farming a success. Therefore, operation and maintenance activities with sufficient fund are essential in realizing the sustainability of irrigation system. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of irrigation system on rice farming in the irrigation area of Gadungan-Lambuk, Tabanan Regency, Bali.
Survey method and observation were employed in the study. Gadungan-Lambuk was chosen purposively, and the sample of farmers was selected based on proportionate random sampling. Descriptive analytical method was made for the indicator of the performance of irrigation system, and analytical statistics on the production function type of Cobb-Douglas by using programs LIMDEP and SHAZAM.
The findings showed that the productivity of the use of the irrigation was 0.96 seen from the indicator of area utilization (Au); and from yield, top yielders-based (Yt) was 0.83. Productivity looked at from cropping intensity index (CII) was 0.88 and rice production per unit of water irrigation input (IWO) is 0.35 kg/m3. Equity achievement was around 80 percent. The value of conveyance efficiency was more than 80 percent, and the average of technical efficiency rating (TER) was around 88 percent. However, allocatively, the utilization of irrigation water at Gadungan-Lambuk was not efficient as indicated by the value of k (=20.45) > 1. This inefficiency occurred because of the limitation of the water availability compared with the need level for rice farming, while the price of the water fixed based on AKNOP was too much lower at IDR2.13 per cubic meter. From the laboratory analysis, it showed that the quality of irrigation water at Gadungan-Lambuk was feasible to rice farming because the indicators were lower than the maximum level based on the criteria of quality irrigation water type D.
The good environmental condition, the positive response of the farmers toward the existence of the irrigation system as well as the institution managing irrigation water, and the implementation of awig-awig of the subak contributed positively to the working condition of the irrigation system of Gadungan-Lambuk.
The conclusion was that the performance of the irrigation system at Gadungan-Lambuk was not optimum, particularly looked at from the indicator of efficiency, although the indicators were sufficient in support of the smooth running of the irrigation system. However, to enhance the performance of the irrigation system, a project on efficient operation and maintenance (EOM), and an intensive and comprehensive study (i.e., action research) should be carried out.