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Hybridization of Various Mulberry Clones and Characterization of Their F1 Progenies
Abstract:
The experiment was conducted at Sakholnakhon Sericulture Experiment Station in Thailand on 23 May 1990-7 February 1991. Its objectives were to study floral biology, pollen storage and viability, and crossability of different mulberry clones. Seven clones of mulberry (Noi, Harngchang, Los Banos, Batac, Pai, No. 44, and S54) were used as parental clones. Six clones (Noi, Harngchang, Batac, Pai, No.44, and S54) were unisexual while the Los Banos clone was bisexual. The Noi, Harngchang, and Los Banos clones were male while the Los Banos, Batac, Pai, No. 44, and S54 clones were female.
Pollen viability of three male clones was tested. There were highly significant differences among clones, storage durations, and their interactions. Hybridization among the said clones were conducted. Twelve crosses were successful, including one selfed (Los Banos x Los Banos) cross. Nine crosses were produced using cuttings of female parents and the rest used the original trees. Mulberry clones Noi (male parent) and S54 (female parent) had the highest crossability. There were high correlations among reproductive characters.
With regard to performance (height, girth, and size of leaf), F1 progenies of Harngchang (male parent) and S54 (female parent) performed well both in the nursery and in the field. However, considering other characters of the specific crosses, that of Noi crossed with S54 performed well in the field. There was strong correlation between nursery characters and field characters. Harngchang (male) and S54 (female) had good general combining ability. Heritability of some characters (plant height, girth of stem, and size of leaf) was relatively high. Individual plant selections were done based on vegetative and chemical properties. Only three F1 progenies were selected from the cross S54 x Noi. Selections No. 1, 4, and 5 were considered as the clones with most potential commercial production if they still perform well in future evaluations.