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Community Participation in the Family Welfare Movement in Karo District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Dissertation Abstract:
The study attempted to determine the level of participation of households in the Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) or Family Welfare Movement in Karo District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. It also studied the relationship among selected factors such as family and community characteristics, PKK program support system, and household participation in the PKK program. A total of 365 household respondents were chosen by multi-stage sampling method from three subdistricts, namely: Tigapanah (TP), Simpang-empat (SE), and Tigabinanga (TB) in Karo. Interview schedules and statistical analyses were employed to arrive at pertinent data.
Results of the study showed that most of the respondents came from nuclear families consisting of four to six members. Husband and wife were middle aged, had attended junior high school, had farming as their major occupation, and most of them were not affiliated with organizations in the community. Family decision-making concerning household activities were predominantly made by the father and mother. However, joining the PKK program was determined by the mother. The average landholding was 1.49 hectares while the average family gross income was Rp2,583, 158. Family labor was generally not enough for farming activities. Household dependency ratio of all respondents was 0.60 in all subdistricts. Respondents had high favorable perception toward the PKK program in the community and the majority of them had very adequate perception of the PKK program support system.
Respondents registered a high level of participation in the PKK program, especially in the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages.
Among family members, the mothers had high level of participation in the PKK program. Correlation analysis established significant relationships among family and community characteristics, as well as the PKK program support system with the level of community participation in the PKK program.
Predictor variables for the level of community participation included family size, educational attainment of husband, and perception of households toward PKK program; incentives from PKK program; level of community development; mutual help in the community; perception of adequacy of facilities and services; perception of PKK program support material resources; and quality and effectiveness of PKK program leadership.
The study recommends that a similar survey be conducted in other parts of the country to cover a bigger part of the PKK program nationwide, which was found to be helpful in alleviating standard of living in terms of household participation in the rural areas.
