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Effects of Rhizobium and VA Mycorrhiza Inoculation on the Growth and Nitrogen Fixation of Albizia Procera (Koxb) Benth Under Nursery Conditions
Dissertation Abstract:
Seedlings of Albizia procera (Roxb) Benth, a native species of the ASEAN region, were grown under screenhouse condition for three months (Studies I and II) and four months (Study III). The effects of soil types, chemical fertiIizer, and bioferti I izer application on seedling growth were studied. The parameters studied were height, diameter, nodule number, dry weight, top/root ratio, total dry matter yields, N content, N uptake, ΔN uptake, P content, P uptake, and ΔP uptake.
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer application was significant on height, diameter, N content, and ΔN uptake. Inoculation with Rhizobium yielded significant effect on height at 90 DAP (days after planting), diameter at 60 and 90 DAP, N content, and ΔN uptake. The N content was 20.7 percent better in the inoculated but fertilized with the 100 kg N/ha rate than the uninoculated and fertilized with the same rate. The interaction effect between soil and N fertilizer was significant on height (90 DAP), diameter (30 and 90 DAP), and N content, while the interaction effect between soil and Rhizobium inoculation was significant on height (60 DAP), diameter (60 and 90 DAP), nodule number, total dry matter yield, and N content. The interact ion effect between N fertilizer and Rhizobium inoculation was significant on height (60 and 90 DAP), diameter from 30 up to 90 DAP, and N content. Significant interaction effects among three factors- soil, nitrogen, and Rhizobium inoculationwas observed on height (60 and 90 DAP), diameter (60 DAP), and N content. The amount of nitrogen replaced by Rhizobium inoculation was estimated to be 82.5 kg N/ha of chemical nitrogen fertilizer.
Phosphorus application improved height and diameter growth, nodule number, and dry matter production of A. procera ( 60 and 90 DAP). Phosphorus application also significantly improved P content, P uptake, and ΔP uptake of A. procera. Inoculation with Glomus etunicatum also favorab ly enhanced height and diameter (30 and 60 DAP) and P content. The effect of the interaction between soil and P fertilizer was significant only on height and diameter growth (60 and 90 DAP) and on P content. Only diameter and biomass production of the host were affected by the interaction effect of soil type and phosphorus fertilizer levels. The interaction effect of the three factors- soil, phosphorus, and G. elunicatum inoculation- significantly improved height (60 DAP), diameter (60 and 90 DAP), and P content. The phosphorus substitution by G. etunicatum was estimated to be 28.5 kg P20/ ha.
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer, either chemical or bio-inoculant, and its interaction with soil types and P appl ication was generally not as dramatic as in the previous studies. The three factors alone or in combination did not produce sign ificant effect on height of A. procera except at 30 DAP. Phosphorus application improved diameter of the legume host (30 and 60 DAP), dry matter yield, N uptake and ΔN uptake.
Nitrogen application significantly improved diameter, biomass, N content in the tissues, N uptake, ΔN uptake, and P conte nt in the tissues. TheN uptake by inoculated plants was improved by 10.9 percent over the uninoculated plants while the ΔN uptake was 85.4 percent better than the unfertilized control. The inte raction effect between P and N application generally d id not improve the growth parameters except for N content, P content, and ΔP uptake.
The effect of dual symbios is inoculation with Rhizobium and G. etunicatum shows that both ΔN and ΔP uptake affected the total dry matter yield expressed as: Y = 13.97 + 29.848 X1 + 742.225 X2, where Y is the total dry matter yield (g); X1 is the ΔN uptake (g/plant), and X2 is the ΔP uptake (g/plant). The ΔN uptake was highest in Annam clay soil while ΔP uptake was a significant determinant in Taal clay soil type. Plants grown in Annam clay had higher total dry matter yield than the plants grown in Taal sandy loam soil.