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Comparison of Copra Meal and Palm Kernel Expeller Meal Supplementation on Growing Dairy Cattle Fed with Mixed Roughage
Thesis Abstract:
Two experiments were conducted at the Dairy Training and Research Institute (DTRI) Farm, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Banos, to determine the performance of growing dairy cattle fed with mixed roughage alone and/or concentrate containing either copra meal (CM) or palm kernel expeller meal (PKM-E).
Treatments used were T, : mixed roughage + CM-based concentrate at 0.6 percent of body weight; T1 : mixed roughage + PKM-E based concentrate at 0.6 percent of body weight (BW); T3 : mixed roughage + PKM-E-based concentrate at 1.2 percent of (BW); and T4 : mixed roughage (control), consisting of 45 percent napier grass and five percent centro. The mixed roughage was chopped and fed ad libitum in all treatments.
In Experiment 1, 16 growing male dairy cattle were used to determine the effect of treatment on growth performance and economic response. The highest average daily gain was obtained from T3 (0.5 kg), followed by T, (0.4 kg), and T4 (0.2 kg). Animals given T3 had the highest dry matter intake (DMI), crude protein intake (CPI), total body weight gain (TBG), and average daily gain (ADG), and were more efficient and profitable. All animals gained weight but those under the control treatment (T4) showed the lowest performance. Income over feed cost per day was highest for T3 (PI 0.08), followed by T, (P7.76), T2 (P4.96), and T4 (P3.88).
In Experiment 2, a 4x4 Latin Square Design was used to determine the effect oftreatments on intake and digestibility of growing dairy cattle. The highest DMI (102.62 glkg 75/day) was obtained from T3, but the DMD was similar forT, (61.68%), T2 (60.96 %), and T3 (62.53%). The control (T4) had the lowest (P
PKM-E was comparable with CM as an ingredient in concentrate supplements for growing dairy cattle. Mixed roughage + PKM-E-based concentrate given at 1.2 percent of BW constantly showed the highest DMI, CPI, ADG, neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI), daily dry matter intake (DDMI), and mean apparent digestibility coefficient (COD) of nutrients (OM, CP, and NDF), and income over feed cost over all other treatments.